Concept
radiation measurement
Parents
Children
Criticality Accident DosimetryElectron Spin Resonance DatingLuminescence Dating
59.2K
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3.7M
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Boundary-Layer Radiative Fluxes
1951 - 1981
The period unites ground-based radiometry with early space-based solar radiometry to form coherent views of radiative processes governing atmospheric and surface energy budgets. Researchers integrate in-situ and remote-sensing observations to study planetary atmospheres, solar ultraviolet and extreme ultraviolet irradiance, and ground-to-space radiative transfer, while radar and radio techniques reveal atmospheric dynamics from winds to ionospheric irregularities. Surface energy balance investigations emphasize albedo and radiative partitioning over natural and agricultural landscapes, advancing radiative transfer applications across bare soil, vegetation, and crop canopies.
• Planetary atmosphere studies combine in-situ mass-spectrometry data with remote-sensing UV observations to characterize Venus and Mars atmospheres, including key absorbers and vertical structure from Pioneer Venus measurements, SO2 detections, and Martian aerosols [5], [6], [8], [13], [14], [15], [17].
• Solar energy and Extreme ultraviolet (EUV) radiometry emerge as a unifying theme: measurements of the solar spectral irradiance at solar maximum [1], the Extreme Ultraviolet (EUV) spectrophotometer on Atmosphere Explorer [2], and ultraviolet middle-reaching radiative transfer to the ground [19], with water-vapour absorption baselines [9].
• Radar/radio remote sensing reveals atmospheric dynamics from winds and turbulence to ionospheric irregularities: Jicamarca radar winds and turbulence [3], specular VHF radar reflections [11], DNA Wideband scintillation experiments [10], and F-region ionospheric irregularities spectra [18].
• Surface energy balance and vegetation radiative transfer highlight albedo and energy partitioning over natural and agricultural lands: radiation balance of bare soil and vegetation [4], radiation balance for natural and agricultural vegetation [12], and reflection of short-wave radiation by vegetation [20].
Popular Keywords
Global Radiometric Retrieval and Calibration
1982 - 1988
Aerosol-Cloud Radiative Diagnostics
1989 - 1995
Aerosol Radiative Property Retrievals
1996 - 2002
Satellite-based Aerosol Radiative Forcing
2003 - 2009
Integrated Multisensor Radiative Synthesis
2010 - 2016
Energy-Balanced Radiative Budget
2017 - 2024